Hip dysplasia in dogs may be genetic, but there are also environmental factors and diet that contribute to the development of this condition.
The hip is an articulation between the ball of the femur and acetabulum. Hip dysplasia is actually a deformity of the hip joint that occurs during the growth period. In time, as body weight increases and exceeds the limits supported by the tissue and muscle, the joint weakens and becomes unstable. This allows free movement of the ball of the femur that does not fit properly into the hip socket, which leads to damages that generate walking problems.
The causes of hip dysplasia in dogs
Some breeds manifest a genetic predisposition to develop this condition (Golden Retrievers, Labradors, German Shepherds and St Bernards are only a few).
Environmental factors including diet, weight and exercise are another important cause. It is essential that puppies receive an adequate diet and care to develop properly.
Symptoms and diagnosis of hip dysplasia in dogs
This condition can be noticed in puppies starting from six weeks of age. However, in some cases, abnormalities will be observable only much later.
Dog owners should not ignore these signs, when they see them:
- Reluctance to run and jump
- Difficulties to stand up or lie down
- Hind leg lameness
- Lack of coordination in the hind quarters
- Abnormal gait
Dogs must be taken to the vet as soon as possible after the symptoms appear, for a physical examination. The vet will check the motion of the hip joint and may take X-rays to confirm the diagnosis and determine the amount of associated issues.
Can hip dysplasia in dogs be treated?
There are several medical and surgical options available to improve your dog`s mobility and remove at least a part of his physical discomfort. The veterinarian will inform you about your options, taking into account your pet`s age and the severity of his condition.
Non-surgical treatments include nutritional supplements for weight management, medication to reduce pain and repair the cartilage etc. Typically, surgery is the last option, used only if other treatments fail. There are several types of surgery that may be used in case of hip dysplasia in dogs:
- Femoral head ostectomy, which involves removing the ball part of the joint, resulting in the formation of a false joint. This procedure is less expensive than others and is efficient especially in small dogs.
- Triple osteotomy, which involves cutting the pelvis around the hip joint and rotating the bone to create a better alignment with the femoral head. This option is recommended only for young dogs with no arthritic changes in the joint.
- Total hip replacement, which involves the replacement of the hip with an artificial ball and socket. It is a complex procedure but it provides great results and a very long time of pain-free use.
Before adopting a puppy, it is always a good idea to check whether the parents have been diagnosed with this condition, although keep in mind that given the fact that heredity is not the only factor involved, there is always a chance that parents with normal hips throw a puppy with hip dysplasia, or parents with hip dysplasia throw a healthy puppy.
