Alternative Names: Tosa, Tosa inu
Country of Origin: Japan
History: The Tosa Ken was only developed after Commodore Perry traveled to Japan in 1854, opening trade between Japan and Western countries. Japanese breeders bred foreign dogs, such as bulldogs, mastiffs, Great Danes, and German pointers with native breeds, such as the indigenous Shikoku, to create the canine equivalent of a sumo wrestler. The dogs were and continue to be used in ceremonial dog fighting. The breed came close to extinction after WW II but was revitalized by fanciers.
Physical Description: The Tosa ken is a large, powerful, muscular dog that is longer than it is tall. It has a large, boxy head; pendulous lips; and a prominent dewlap. The head wrinkles when the dog is alert. The skull is broad and the muzzle is broad and blunt with powerful jaws. The nose is black and there may be black on the pink tongue. The high-set, medium size ears are drip and the eyes are small, almond shaped, and brown. The natural tail is long and tapered. The short, thick coat is any solid color, brindle, black with markings, or pied. All red dogs are preferred. There may be a black mask and white on the chest and feet.
Height: 21.75 to 23.5 inches
Weight: 90 to 240 pounds
Temperament: This is a quiet, reserved dog that is affectionate and friendly with family and aloof with strangers. It may be dog aggressive. It is devoted to its owner and highly trainable.
Activity Level: High
Best Owner: The Tosa ken does best with a dog experienced owner in a suburban or rural home. It is fine with children if supervised but only does well with animals with which it is raised.
Special Needs: Attention, socialization, training
Possible Health Concerns: Bloat, eye problems, hip and elbow dysplasia
