There are probably few people that have not heard about the Chihuahua dog or have not seen it on TV, in some celebritys bag. The smallest dog breed is probably originating from the Mexican state that is named after, but its history remains still unclear. However, most evidence point to Mexico and the Toltec civilization that bred the Techichi dogs, their ancestors. The oldest evidence of the Techichi breed is represented by dog pots dating from 300 B.C. Other early representations of wheeled dog toys resembling the breed date from the year 100 A.D. Chihuahuas come in two variations: Apple heads and Deer heads, according to the conformation of their nose and heads.
Their height varies from 6 to 10 inches, but some may grow up to 15 inches. Their weight must not exceed 6 pounds in the show ring, and the ideal one would be somewhere between 2 and 4 pounds. However, as pets, they can reach even 10 pounds.
They can have either a long coat or a short one. The long-haired dogs do not have to be trimmed, unlike other long-haired breeds, and require minimal grooming, shedding less than the short-haired ones. They come in a wide variety of colors and patterns. Among them, the most common are: white, black, chocolate, fawn and cream.
The owner or the trainer plays an important role in the development of their temperament, but a bigger role belongs to genetics. Positive reinforcement and treats will be of great help, though. These cute little dogs may express an over protective attitude towards one of the owners they are extremely loyal to. They do not get along very well with other dogs, unless they are from the same breed.
Unfortunately, the Chihuahua dogs can suffer from some breed-related genetic disorders, like epilepsy and seizures. Puppies may also suffer from hydrocephalus. Another specific problem for this breed is the presence of molera, a hole in their heads. Although it fills in with age, it should be handled very carefully especially during the first 6 months. The collapsed trachea is another disorder characteristic for this breed. They may also suffer from Luxating Patella, a genetic condition that can occur in all breeds.
Chihuahuas are also prone to hypoglycemia, eye infections, dental problems, heart-related disorders and physical deformities, when old aged. They are sensitive to cold and can manifest a tremble, caused mostly by stress or excitement. Because they are so small and sensitive to cold, they love to cuddle in some cozy pillows and blankets.
They are intelligent dogs, good with families as long as the children are gentle and the dogs are properly socialized. They have a terrier-like temperament, posing as confident and important. They are cheerful and playful and they have a strong personality that can vary from individual to individual.
They require little exercise, due to their small size. Therefore, they can live in an apartment without a problem. Daily walks should be performed to avoid obesity, though.
The Chihuahua is a sensitive breed that requires special attention and care from a responsible owner.
